Pump.



' E. A. WATTS.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 2, 1915. 1,202,932. Patented Oct. 31,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. A. WATTS.

.PUIVIP.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 2| I915.

Patented Oct. 31,1916.

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(Drama E. A. WATTSa PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 2. I915.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

lmwwtoz lilo ELMER A. WATTS, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

JPUIVIP.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Hot. 31, T216.

Application filed December 2, 1915. Serial No. 64,779.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that-I, ELMER A. WATTS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful lmprovementsin Pumps, of which the following is a specification, reference being chambers to remain idle while the upper ones are operated.

It is an object of this invention, to obviate this feature and to devise means to allow one chamber to fill while the other is emptying, thereby enabling the handling of greater quantities of fluid.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a displacement pump which will lift a quantity of fluid to a great height with a relatively low air pressure.

It is a further object of the invention to devise means to keep the various valves in an operative and unclogged condition.

lit is a further object of the invention to provide independent mechanism in each chamber to control the admission and exhaustion of air.

It is also an object of the invention to provide an air intake pipe and an air exhaust pipe common to the several mechanisms.

Another ob ect of the invention is to provide certain improvements in valve construction shown, described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 1,187,579, granted to Irwin L. Dunn and myself June 20th, 1916.

One embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of the displacement pump located in the well, parts being broken away for clearness and compactness; Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross section on the line 2-2- of Fig; 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a vertical. longitudinal section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, parts being broken away and looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line 44 of Fig. 2, looking in thedirection of the arrows and showing the valve mechanism of the upper chamber with the exhaust valve open; Fig. 5 is a vertical, transverse sectional view of the lower chamber showing the valve mechanism thereof, the intake valve being open; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal, vertical sectional view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2, looking in-the direction of the arrows; Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 4:, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 8 is a cross section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line 99 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the above views, Fig. 1 shows the general arrangement in which, as indicated at 1, is shown the outer casing. At 2 is in dicated a pocket with which the mechanism communicates. Within the pocket 2 and extending below the casing 1 is the lower chamber having the usual casing 3. This chamber communicates with a source of fluid supply through the valve-controlled opening 4. Extending upwardly from the bottom of the said casing 3 within the chamber is an oil discharge pipe 5 communicating with an upper chamber, as will be described later. Communicating with a source of compressed air and with the lower chamber is an air intake pipe 6. Also communicating with this lower chamber is an exhaust pipe 7. These two pipes 6 and 7 terminate within a casting 8 containing valve mechanism for controlling the lower chamber. This casting 8 is attached to the casing 3 through the instrumentality of a sleeve 8, as clearly shown tached to the casting S in any suitable manner. The upper end of this rod 10' is screw threaded, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, and has an adjustable knurled thumb piece 18 which acts as an abutment for the spring 14 which is located bet-ween the same and the abutment 11. It will be seen thatthe spring 14 can be adjusted to vary the tension thereof. When the pump is normally working, the force upward, due to the tension of the spring, is less than the effects of gravity upon the Weights 9. 'However, as the easing 3 fills, the tension of the spring will raise the weights, causing the latter to operate the valve mechanism with which they are con nected, as will be more fully described. Above the lower casing 3 is a casing 15 hav-,

abutment 19 at the end of a hanger 20. At 21 is a knurled thumb piece screw-threaded upon the rod 18. Between'the thumb piece 21 and the abutment 19 is a spring 22 which operates in the manner described above. An oil discharge pipe 23 is shown, extending from near the bottom of the casing 15 out through the top thereof, communicating with the place of storage for the same. it

will be understood that the air intake 6 andthe air exhaust pipe 7 are in suitable communication with the valve mechanism of I the casting 16, as is clearly shown in Fig. A

and will be more fully described hereafter.

At the upper portion'ot the air intake pipe and air exhaust pipe 7 is a connecting pipe between the two,indicated generally at 2 2. A suitable three way valve 25 makes it possible to admit compressed air to the can haust pipe. This arrangement insures the blowing out and cleaning of the various valves of the pump, the operation of which will be described later. A gas discharge pipe 26 allowsthe gas which accumulates within the pump to escape; The entire structure shown in Fig. 1 is supportedby a suitable head 27. lt'will be understood, al

though i have only shown in this particular embodiment of the invention two chambers in superimposedrelation, that any number, of chambers can be used according tothe' depth of the well and the amount of com pressed air available. Two chambers only have been shown for thesalre of compactness and to avoid unnecessary drawings.

By reference to Fig. a it will be seen that Leashes the airintake pipe 6 has a. portion screwt'hreaded, as shown at 28, intothe casting 16. A pas'sage29 below the same communicates with a chamber 30 and this chamber has screw-threaded into it, as indicated at 31, the other portion of the air intake pipe 6. Itwill benoticed that compressed air has a free channel through the casting 16 to the lower chamber. Communicating with the 'passage29 is a vertical opening or bore 32 within which is placed a valve piston 33.

" At "its upperend this valve piston has a valve face 34 which coiiperates with a valve seat, asindic'ated at 35, formed in the casting at the top of the bore 32. This latter arrangement constitutes an "intake valve and, asshown in Figxt, the same is seated.

Below this valve structure is a reduced por- 'tion3d of the valve piston located within the chamberfiti, said chamber being an enlargement of the bore 32. This chamber 36 communicates with the interior of the casing 15 by means of ports 37, as shown in Fig. 3. At the medial portion of the valve piston 33 is a reduced portion 38 within a 2; chamber 39, this chamber 39 being a part or" the bore 32. Below this reduced portion the valve piston 33 is beveled to constitute a valve face 40. This portion 40 coiiperates with a valve seat All formed within the bore 32. Below the valve seat 4:1 are located ports communicating with the chamber within the casing 16, as shown in Fig. 9. Above the ports 42 and above the valve face 4-1 is located a port, 43. in the position shown in Fig. i the last-described valve structure constitutes an exhaust valve, and, as shown, the same is open. It will be ap-' parent that the compressed air within the chamber: of the casing 16 may escape through the port 42 and out through the port l3. This port i3 communicates with a chamber e lhaving an opening or port 4C5.

This port 45' communicates with a chamber 4:6 within which is a ball valve 4?. The

port or opening 45 constitutes the valve seat for the same. At the upper portion of the chamber 46 is a screw-threaded opening 48. Within this opening i8 is a bushing 49 extending into the chamber, to form a cage to prevent the ball valve 417 from unseating unduly. This bushing is also apertured to allow tree passage of the exhaust. Within the bushing is screw threaded the upper "portion of the exhaust pipel, as indicated at 50. Communicatingwith the chamber at; is a passage 51 screw-threaded at 52*, with ing from the lower chamber iscconnected.

It will be seen from the above description that the exhaust from the lower chamber hasan uninterrupted passage to the air past the upperchamber, while the upper chamber is connected with the said exhaust icy means of a branchconduit, suitably protected by 'vvhich the portion of the exhaust pipe leadmeans of the check valve 47. 7 It will be apparent that the fact that the lower chamber is in a condition of exhaust does not prevent the opposite condition in the upper chamber.

The means for'operating the valve mechanism shown in Fig. 4 will now be described. Communicating with the passage 29 is a vertical bore 52 extending through the casting. The lower portion of the bore 52 has a valve face 53 upon which is seated a valve 54. This valve 54 has a stem 55 with a suitable head thereon and above the same is located a spring 56 within the bore and this spring normally tends to hold the valve 54 upon its seat 53. In the lower portion of the bore 52 and below the valve 54 is located a transverse passage 57 within the casting. This passage has a portion at right angles thereto; indicated generally at 58, which opens into the lower portion of the bore 32 in which the valve piston is located. This last-mentioned opening, is indicated at 59;. Communicating with the passage 58 is a passage 60. This passage is,controlled by means of a valve 61 located therein. This valve is normally held in seated position by means of a spring 62 located in the passage 58. The passage 60 terminates at its opposite end in a valve seat 63, upon which is mounted a .ball valve 64 constituting a check valve. This check valve 64 is normally held in place by means of a spring 64. (lommunicating with this pass'age60 is a bore 65. This bore-65 also communicates at its opposite end with the chamber 44. A vertical bore 66 extends from the bottom of the casting and communicates with the bore '52 below the valve 54. Within this bore is slidably mounted a pin 67. The valve 61 also has below it a vertical bore 68-extending through the bottom of the casting. A stem 69 of the valve 61 is slidably mounted within the bore 68. Mounted below the casting 16 on a suitable hanger 70 is a lever pivoted at 71. This lever has arms 72, 73 and 74. The arm 73 engages the pin 67 and the arm 74 engages the stem 69. The arm 72 is operated by means of a lever 75 pivoted at 76 and having a fork 77. The fork 77 engages the lower portion of the arm 72. The lever 75 issuitably and in an operative manner connected with the rod 18 carrying the weights 17. This connection is indicated at 77 Above the operative connection 77 is situated a stop 78 which prevents undue movement of the weight 17. In connection with the valves 53 and 61 it should be noted that the action of these valves will be successive. When the lever 72 is moved to the left the valve 61 will be lowered and seated before the pin 67 has moved upwardly sufficieutlv to unseat the valve 54. The portion of the oil discharge pipe 23 located within the casing 15 is screw-threaded at its upper end, as shown at 79, Fig. 3, into the noticed that the opening 81 above the chamber is screw-threaded and a cage 82 is suitably mounted and screw-threaded within this opening 81. The upper portion of the pipe 23 fits over this cage, as clearly shown in said figure. Within the cage is a suitable ball 83 constituting the check valve. It may be stated that a similar check valve is located in the discharge pipe above each chamber, no matter how many are used, and a check valve is also located in the oil discharge pipe above the lowermost chamber.

In Fig. 5 is shown the valve mechanism for the lowermost chamber. The mechanism of this chamber is substantially the same as the mechanism in the upper;chambers, but as this is the lowest chamber the air intake pipe 6 will terminate therein and the air exiaust pipe also will terminate in said chamber. As shown in Fig. 5 the air exhaust pipe is screw-threaded into the upper portion of the casting 8, as shown at 84. This exhaust pipe communicates with a passage 85. It will be noted that no check valve is located in the portion 85 communicating with the pipe 7, as it is not necessary. It will also be noted that the passage 87 similar to the passage 29 described in connection with the upper chamber does not communicate with any chamber 30 or its equivalent. Screwthreaded in an opening 86 above the passage 87 is the end of the air intake pipe 6. At 88 is indicated a check valve in the oil discharge pipe leading from the casting 8. It will be understood that the structure of this check valve is identical with the structure illusrated in Fig. 3-. The structure of the other portions of the valve mechanism is substantially as above described in connection with Fig. 4. At 32' is shown the longitudinal bore in which the valve piston 33 is located. A port 37 corresponds with the port37 described above. At 42 is indicated the exhaust port and at 43 is indicated the passage communicating with the exhaust pipe 7. The

other portions of the mechanism, indicated generally at 54, 57, 59', 60, 61', etc., are substantially identical with the parts described in connection with the upper cylinder or chamber and shown in-Fig. 4.

Tn the operation of the pump it will be assumed that the lower cylinder 3 is filled. Such being the case, the weights 9 will assume their raised position and will thereby rotate the lever 7 5 This lever 75 being in engagement with the lever 72" will rotate the same. The lever 72' being rotated will move one of its arms out of engagement with the stem 69' of the valve 61, allowing the same to close. Continued movement of this past the valve 5%, through the passage 57 and out through the port 59' into the bottom of the bore 3:2. It will then be noticed that the valve piston 33' will be shifted to seat the exhaust valve and to unseat the intake valve. The valve piston 33' at its bottom has a larger area than the upper portion thereof and the pressure being unequal on thetwo sides the same vvill be easily shifted. it will be clear that when the valve piston33 has shifted to the position shown in Fig. 5 the compressed air passing down throughrthe I air intake pipe 6 will pass around the intake valveand out through the passage 37:" into the lower cylinder. The fluid therein will then be forced into the next succeeding chamber. As shown in Fig. l'thischamber will be in a condition of exhaust, that is, there is nothing to prevent the iluid from entering the upper chamber. I When the upper chamber has about filled and the lower chamber has about emptied the weights in the lower chamber will again lower, owing to the decrease in buoyancy of the fiuidthereon and the reverse operationwill take place, namely, the valve 61 will be raised and the valve 54 willbe lowered. llt will be noticed that the compressed air will thereby be shut off from thebottom of the valve piston 33' and as the valve 61 controls the passage 60. which communicates through the passage 65 with the exhaust pipe, the valve piston 33' will be shifted to open its exhaust and to close its intake valve, assuming a position similar to that shown in Fig. 4:. As the fluid leaves the lower chamber and enters the higher chamber it Wlll be clear that the weights 17 thereof will finally rise under the tension of the spring 22, the buoyancy of the take place, namely, the valve '53 Will be unseated and the valve 61 Will be seated. This will open the air intake valve 34 and allow,

the compressed air passing down the air in.- take pipe 6 to pass out at 37 into the upper chamber, forcing the fluid OlllL' The check valves above the respective chambers-and within the oil discharge-pipes prevent the return of the oil when the chambers are filling. It will also be seen that there is nothing i to prevent the lower chamber from filling While the upper chamber is being emptied of its fluid. The upper chamber communicates with the exhaust pipe 7 by means of the pas- I sage 44 which is valve-controlled, as shown at 47. This arrangement, it'will be noticed.

When the upper prevents the exhaust from. the lower chamber from efl'ecting the compression in the upper chamber. s

When it is desired to clean out the ap paratus to do away with clogging, etc, all that isnecessary is to manipulate the three 'way valve 25 and compressed air will be admitted through the exhaust pipe. As the compressedair passes down through the ex- I haust pipe it will enter the lower chamber and pass up through the oil discharge pipes.

T he compressed air passing up through the oil discharge pipes will, of course, unseat the check valves therein and blow out any sediment or sand which may have become lodgedfltherein and which has prevented their successful operation.

lVhen the pump is working normally the device 18 so arranged that the bottoms of the oil discharge pipes 23 and 5 are always'oil Sealed; This willprevent the air from the air intake pipes going through the oil dis charge pipesand mixing with the oil and thereby destroying its value. -When compressed air, however, is sent down the exhaust pipe there is nothing to prevent the compressed air from entirely emptying the chamber and passing out through the lower oil discharge 5 in the rear of the oil passing therefrom into the next succeeding chamber.

This is done, however, only in cleaning the mechanism.

I it is thought the structure and operation of the mechanism will be clear. it is to be understood, however, that the pump is capable of embodiment in different forms and that theapplicant does not desire to be limited to the device shown'in the drawings.

Wherever the term air occurs in the speci fication and claims it is to be understood that the same embraces all gases which are capable'of use for the purpose of forcing out a liquid inthe manner described.

Having thus fully described my invention, what ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a mechanism for raising fluids, a

pair of superimposed elongated chambers communicating W1th each other and pro-.

vided with heads, a compressed air passage extending through the head of the upper chamber, a passage connecting the same with the lower head, exhaust Passages in said heads, valve controlled portions in each head connecting the chambers with said compressed air and exhaust passages, compressed air means within each head for actuating the valves of the heads. and means in each chamber controlled. by the rise and fall of fluid therein for actuating said compressed air means.

2.111 a mechanism for raising fluids, a pair of superimposed chambers communicating with each other and provided with heads,

a compressed air passage and an exhaust 1 connecting the passages with said upper the valves of the respective chambers.

3. In a mechanism for, raising fluids, a series of chambers communicating with each other, a compressed air conduit having portions communicating with each chamber, an exhaust conduit also having portions communicating with each chamber, valves associated with each chamber for controllingrthe f admission of compressed air theretoand the exhaust, the communicating portion between each upper chamber and the exhaust conduit beingpro'vided with a check valve.

4. In a mechanism for raising fluids, a series of communicating chambers, means for admitting air under pressure to eachv chamber, an exhaust pipe communicating with each chamber, certain of said chambers having a check valve, located in said com-.

municating portion of said exhaust pipe.

5. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, compressed air and exhaust. conduits communicating with said chamber, a valve piston provided with valve members controlling the admission of compressed air and theexhaust, one end of said piston being reduced and located in the path of the compressed air, the opposite end of said piston being enlarged, passages connecting said last-mentioned end of the piston with the source of compressed airand with the exhaust, independently mounted valves controlling said passages, and means controlled by the rise and fall of fluid within said chamber for controlling said last-mentioned .valves. 6. In a pump, a casing havin a chamber communicating with a source of uid supply, compressed air and exhaust conduits communicating with said chamber and valve means for controlling said conduits, said valve means comprising a piston, provided with valve members, one portion of the piston being larger than the other, the reduced portion of the piston lying normally in the.

path of the compressed air, valve controlled passages connecting the other portion of. said piston with the compressed air and with the exhaust, and means for controlling said lastmentioned valves comprising a weight within saidchamber, and a spring normally tending to raise said weight as the fluid rises therearound.

7. In a pump, a one end provided with a passage therethrough, a discharge pipe connected to one end of said passage, a check valve and cage mounted at the opposite end of said passage and'a discharge pipe surrounding said cage and forming a continuation of said firstmentioned pipe.

8. In a mechanism for raising fluids, a series of chambers communicating with each other, an exhaust pipe leading from one of said chambers into the next succeeding chamber, said next succeeding chamber having a head, said head having an enlarged opening into which said exhaust pipe leads, an exhaust passage located in said head and communicating with, said next succeeding chamber and said enlarged opening, a valve located in said enlarged openingand controlling said exhaust passage, a bushing having means thereon to prevent the undue displacement of said valve, and another portion of casing having a head atthe exhaust "pipe being located in said bushing. I

9. Ina mechanism for raising fluid, apair of superimposed chambers communicating With each other and provided with heads, a compressed air passage extending through the head of the upper chamber, a passage connecting the same with the lower head, ex-' haust passages in said heads, valve-controlled portions in each head connecting the 'chambersgwith-said compressed air and exhaust passages, compressed air means controlled by independently movable valves within each head for actuating the first-menchamber, acompressed air conduit and an exhaust conduit connecting said passages with the lower head, said lower head having valvecontrolled portions connecting said conduits with the lower chamber, compressed air means within each head for actuating .the

valves of the head, and means within each chamber controlledby the rise and fall of fluid therein for actuating said compressed air means.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

ELMER A. WATTS. 

